The Heat of the India-Pakistan Geopolitical War 2025

With the Russia-Ukraine war in Europe and the Hamas-Israel war in the Middle East still raging, the world has been shocked again by the India-Pakistan war. The India-Pakistan conflict that recently broke out is basically the culmination of India's disappointment that its national interests are being disrupted by Pakistan. Historically, since independence from Britain in 1947, India-Pakistan have shared the same roots of conflict, with both countries competing over the Kashmir region. Both countries share the management of Kashmir and China is also involved in the claims and management of Kashmir. The Kashmir region, which is a sub-region in northern India, is now defacto contested by three countries, namely India, Pakistan and China.

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The outbreak of India-Pakistan war in 2025 began when 26 Indian tourists were shot dead by armed militia while they were in the Baisaran Valley of Pahalgam, Indian-controlled Kashmir on April 22, 2025. India blamed Pakistan for the deadly tragedy. India accuses Pakistan of supporting Kashmiri militias to attack Indian citizens. However, Pakistan has denied responsibility and argued that Kashmiri terrorist groups carried out the killings of Indian tourists.

The Indian government did not accept the pretext of the Pakistani authorities until at its peak, on May 7, 2025 India decided to carry out military attacks on several areas in Pakistan. In retaliation, Pakistan then responded to India's military attacks by conducting shootings and counterattacks. India's military aggression titled Operation Sindoor, which targeted nine locations where theorists/separatists were hiding in Pakistan, according to data, killed as many as 34 people, of which 26 Pakistanis were reportedly killed and 12 Indians were also declared dead.